Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy Disease...

Zarae Allen Mrs.Willard Honors Biology 1December 2016 Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy disease (MNGIE) is an extremely rare disease that affects the process of muscles and shows up in equal numbers of men and women. Only 70 cases of this disease have been reported. A mutation of the thymidine phosphorylase causes MNGIE and lowers the production of adenosine triphosphate production. To begin, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy disease is related to adenosine triphosphate because it lowers the production. In a case report on Hindawi called â€Å" Anesthetic Management of a Child with Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalopathy† it states, â€Å" These mutations can result in a decrease in ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation in the respiratory chain found in the mitochondria, affecting tissues that have high energy demands including cardiac, nervous, and skeletal muscle tissue.† An enzyme called thymidine phosphorylase, mutates affecting how ATP is made. As a result, it affec ts the muscle cells of the organism because people with this disorder do not have enough energy to move their muscles in their body. Also, in Genetic Home Reference that had the topic of MNGIE, it reads â€Å"... the muscles and nerves of the digestive system do not move food through the digestive tract efficiently. The resulting digestive problems include feelings of fullness (satiety)

chapter 3 and 4 - 1055 Words

Guided Reading Questions: Chapters 3 and 4 These questions are meant to serve as guide to help you pick out the most important information. Answer these questions to the best of your ability. Bulleted lists are acceptable as long as they consist of more than a few words. These concepts should be well thought out. Chapter 3 â€Å"Introduction† â€Å"Global Competition and the Expansion of England’s Empire† â€Å"Origins of American Slavery† â€Å"Colonies in Crisis†- Choose only one sub-topic â€Å"The Growth of Colonial America† â€Å"Social Classes in the Colonies†- Choose only one sub-topic 1. How did the mercantilist system work? Explain how the â€Å"mother country† benefited from having colonies. a. The government was in charge of all economic activity the†¦show more content†¦b. The migration took an important part on the diversification, English was the first, they promote the migration at the beginning and almost 90% of the population was from England, The German migrations helps to the diversification, the was persecuted because religion differences. c. The Indians were another groups in the colonies, some treated like slaves and in other places as a refugees, but part of the diversity. d. And the most important group the blacks, they came to America to work and many lost their right, they have an owner. Chapter 4 â€Å"Introduction† â€Å"Slavery and Empire† â€Å"Slave Cultures and Slave Resistance† â€Å"An Empire of Freedom† â€Å"The Public Sphere†- Choose two sub-topics â€Å"Imperial Rivalries†- Choose only one sub-topic â€Å"Battle for the Continent†- Choose one sub-topic and read the â€Å"Colonial Identities† sub-topic 5. How was the slavery system developed and perpetuated in the British colonies? What purpose did it serve? a. The slavery was developed because that was a very good business for all the parts involved b. The slaves were used in plantations basically sugar, rice, and Tabaco. 6. How did the slaves develop their own culture independent of the colonists? What did they do to fight their enslavement? a. ff 7. How did EnglandShow MoreRelatedChapter 3 41546 Words   |  7 PagesChapter 3 #2 - When is a companys competitive advantage most likely to endure over time? A companys competitive advantage is most likely to endure over time when the company has built barriers to imitation, which make it difficult for a competitor to copy the companys distinctive competencies. Another element needed is the ability to quickly react to changes in the customers needs and have a high absorptive capacity in order to identify, value, assimilate, and use new knowledge. 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The story of Being with Henry and Leaving Home Free Essays

The story of Being with Henry and Leaving Home epitomizes strong sensation towards family relationships. Both stories embark a certain pressure in the family which reveals the character’s attitude. Scrutinizing and comparing the two stories based on the aspect of dialogue, it is imperative to take into consideration the decisive aspects of dialogue which Ellinor, Linda enumerate as â€Å"creating a fuller picture of reality, employing deeper levels of listening and reflection, and creates a culture of cooperation and shared leadership which moves groups from dependency, competition and exclusion†. We will write a custom essay sample on The story of Being with Henry and Leaving Home or any similar topic only for you Order Now Parallel to this, aspects of diction as it transcends in the stories of Being with Henry and Leaving Home should also be given emphasis. In lieu of which â€Å"the art of delivering the word as it clearly understood to its fullest complexity, the choice of word and style, and the literary diction which reveals how a passage establishes tone and characterization† is essential in comparing the diction of these two stories. Dialogue as it create full picture of reality was illustrated in Martha Brooks’ Being with Henry, the presence of a family in Laker and his mom’s relationship was a good evidence. Taking good care of his unmarried single mother hand in hand with having a brutal step-father is such a reality for Laker. There is no way for him to bear the fruits of being a son, all he needs to do is accept the fact that he has to be strong for his mom and work hard to stay in the relationship regardless of those barriers. On the other hand, David French’s Leaving Home typify a family relationship wherein attitude of the members are clashing with each other – like that of Ben’s relationship with their father and conflict with Billy’s relationship with his girlfriend on how will they be able to compromise with their relationship. Dialogue as it employs deeper levels of listening and reflection is the second aspect which should be highlighted in both stories. A good point to hoist was the circumstance as Laker’s mom rarely plays the role of being a mother to him and when Laker had a physical fight with his step-father which forces him to leave his home since her mother didn’t stand for him. At this point, he listens to what his heart is saying and set aside the conscientiousness of being a son. Conversely, in Leaving Home, the relationship of Billy and Kathy has come to a reflection that they are just holding on with their relationship because of the thinking that Kathy is pregnant, but at the moment that Kathy had a miscarriage, they both come to a second thought of being together. Dialogue as it creates a culture of cooperation and shared leadership which moves groups from dependency was the third aspect to consider under the discussion of dialogue. As Laker in Being with Henry leaves her mother and stand up for himself, he finds Henry with whom he can turn to and at the same time contribute also to the feeling of loneliness that Henry is feeling at that moment. Equally, Ben in the story of Leaving Home decided to be with his brother Billy and sister-in-law to be away with their parents as Jacob and Ben has a long standing enmity rooted in their fundamental differences and he can no longer stand the feeling of living with his father. French, David support this response thru this, â€Å"Jacob is incensed and a heated argument between father and son resulting in Ben being thrown out of the house†. On another note, as we grasp the aspects of diction and adopt in both stories, certainly, Brooks’ Being with Henry portrays the feeling of a wholehearted son; you can feel the sentiment as Laker endures the pain of leaving his mother, and this is also exemplify the tone and characterization of the story. On the other hand, French’s Leaving Home connotes intense emotion as it presents a commotion in the family as they have different perspectives, and as you go through the story you’d be really aware of the situation since the chose of words and style is very appropriate. Practically, the process of releasing and providing relief from the pressures of both families in the stories promotes strong emotions which really captivate its readers. Indeed, the representation of dialogue and diction was presented in French’s and Brooks’ story. The way the story elaborates a certain feeling proves what really a dialogue and diction is all about, thus both are essential on having a comprehensible work. How to cite The story of Being with Henry and Leaving Home, Papers

Business Law The Administrative Assistants

Question: Discuss about the Business Law for The Administrative Assistants. Answer: 1. Issue Tenders were called for by the University of Millennia for the supply of green seed for the surroundings. The last date of submitting the tenders was 1st June. Three tenders were submitted by three parties Greenland, Enviro and Plant Forever. The tender of Greenland was delivered in hand and was put into the tender box on 29 May. The tender of Enviro has been posted on May 15 but the University received it on May 17. One of the administrative assistants filed it with a thought of putting the tender in the box later as it was submitted very early. Plant Forevers tender was posted on May 30. The letter has been put into the tender box although it has been received on June 2. The tender of Enviro was containing attracting characteristics but it was not considered as the assistant forgot the place where she had filed it and got after one week of making decision. Because of the general talk that is made of the uncertain activity of Greenland, Plant Forever got the contract. The letter tha t was sent to Plant Forever by the University to inform them about the contract, did not reach to them. A postal worker who has been made redundant has destroyed it. Plant Forever has entered into some other contract as no information has been provided to them. Later on the University came to know about the situation of Enviro and Plant Forever. Rule This case is covered by the contract law. A contract is an agreement that is enforceable by law. To make a contract there must be certain condition that needs to be fulfilled, (Lawhandbook, 2016). The most important condition that needs to be fulfilled is offer and acceptance. An offer and acceptance alone has got no power, they alone cannot lead to form a contract. But offer and acceptance together can make a contract that has got legal capacity and form a legal relation. Application In this case the University has made an invitation to offer by giving call for tender for supply of green seed. The three parties Greenland, Enviro and Plant Forever have made an offer to the University by posting their tenders by the mentioned time. It depends on the University to accept the offer of any one of them. In case of Greenland, the tender or offer provided by them was second lowest but as the University did not accept its offer due to the rumors, no contract has been made between them. The tender of Enviro, i.e., the offer was the lowest and attractive but since it was not found by the administrative assistant at the time of making the decision, its offer was not accepted by the University. Therefore, no contract exists between them. The University at last accepted the offer made by Plant Forever and posted a letter of acceptance to them that was duly addressed. It did not get the letter due to the postal agent although it was a legal acceptance. In the meantime, Plane Forever has entered into another contract which states that no contract has taken place. Conclusion Therefore it can be concluded that no contractual relationship has been taken place between the University and any of the parties who made the offer. Greenlands offer was not accepted by the University, Enviros offer was not found by the Administration. The acceptance was made to the offer of Plant Forever through. But since the acceptance was not in the knowledge of Plant Forever and it entered into another contract, no contractual relation exist between them. 2. Issue Footloose Pty Ltd has made an advertisement in the newspaper that latest summer collection of shoes, wedge heels and the new slingback sandals from Italy is ready to get delivered. The price of the shoes starts from per hundred pairs $2000 and other discounts for bulk order will be negotiated. Ms Simone is to be contacted for any queries. Famous Footwear on 2 October faxed Ms Simon where it has ordered at $2000 per hundred pairs 500 pairs. James is the owner of the James Shoes, shoe retailer and also had several regional stores in Australia. He on October 4 by sending fax to Simone has made an offer by willing to buy slingback sandals 2000 pairs. The price offered by them was $30,000 including the delivery and GST. Ms Simone on October 6 send a fax to James that Footloose is ready to sell the slingback sandals for the offered price but will not include delivery. James on October 8 sent a mail to Simone of accepting the offer made by Simone and wanted to know the date of delivery. Aft er a discussion on 10 October both the parties agreed to the conditions and Footlose will deliver the sandals to James from Sydney warehouse on November 1. Rule This case also is covered under the rule of offer and acceptance, which is an essential condition to make an agreement between the parties and will lead to the formation of a contract. This is guided by the Law of Contract. Offer and acceptance go parallel to each other. Offer and acceptance both can be in an expressed or implied form which means it should either in written form or is understood by the action of the party respectively. An offer or acceptance can be revoked anytime, which means that an offer may come to an end and can no longer be open to any acceptance under certain circumstances like expiry of reasonable and specified time, because of insanity or death, counter offer, refusal etc. Likewise, acceptance can also be revoked under certain circumstances like revoking any acceptance made to an offer before it is passed or communicated to the other party but not afterwards. Here, in this case only one case is applicable for revocation, counter offer. Counter offer is an of fer that is made by the second party against the original offer made by the first party. The original offer comes to an end once a counter offer is made, (Clarke, 2016). Application It is very clear that an invitation to offer has been made by Footloose Pty Ltd by giving an advertisement in the newspaper on October 1. The advertisement made was to avail the latest summer collection of shoes, wedges and slingback sandals at $2000 per hundred pairs and other discounts for bulk order. On 2 October, Famous footwear has made an offer against the advertisement to Footloose by ordering 500 pairs of shoes at the rate of $2000 per hundred pairs. But no response has been provided to them by Ms Simone who is supposed to have answer to their offer. Therefore, no acceptance has been made on the part of Footloose for the offer made by the Famous footwear. Since no offer and acceptance is made no legal effect is present in this communication. James on 4 October has made an offer of purchasing 2000 pairs of slingback sandals at $30,000 which will also include the delivery charges and GST. In respect of this offer Ms Simone on 6 October make an offer of selling the said number of sandals at the said price but excluding the delivery charges. This offer was accepted by James and the sandals were to be delivered by Footloose from Sydney warehouse on November 1. Therefore, there has been made a contract as there is an offer and acceptance. But the original offer has been revoked by Footloose. Conclusion From the statements made here, it is concluded that there is no existence of any legal acceptance of Footloose to the offer made by Famous footwear. In case of Jamess Shoes, the original offer has been revoked by Footloose. James has accepted the second offer that is, counter offer was made to him by Ms Simone and they form a contract. But as per contract law, once the counter offer is made, the original offer comes to an end. Therefore, the contract form is out of counter offer and not the original offer. 3. Issue Richard Anderson works in Cube Laboratory Pty Ltd and is a talented chemist. The lab has been working successfully by receiving government contracts and other research grants. He was under working under 5 year contract that was about to expire on June 30. Richard was chosen for the position of chief chemist by headhunters at a rival lab. If he accepts this job, he will have to transfer to some other place with his family. His wife will have to look for a new job and his children will have to change their school. Richard on 1 March went to Warren who was the chief chemist of Cube to let him have the knowledge of the conversation between him and the headhunters. He told Warren that the offer is attractive but he does not want his wife and children to face problem in course of relocation. Warren told Richard of his being the teams important part. Because of him Cube has got many success and they are interested to carry on the same. By these words Richard thought that Cube wants to exten d the contract. He called the headhunters and refused their proposal and went on working with the Cube and did not discuss about the matter any further. On June 25 Warren told Richard that there was some liquidity problem and that Cube was cutting of the job of number of staffs and asked them to go. Richard got upset and started finding a job but unfortunately found a job at a university. His salary was less but his wife and children are continuing with the same job and they did not have to relocate. Rule Here also, the whole situation is covered by the law of contract and the rule of offer and acceptance. An invitation of offer has been made by a party. The one interested will make an offer and if liked the offer will be accepted by the other party who has given the invitation. The other rule applicable in this case is the termination of a contract, (Legalmatch, 2016). Breach of contract has also taken place for which the aggrieved party can claim damages under specific performance. Application In this case, Richard has been working with the Cube Laboratory Pty Ltd under a contract of five year that was about to expire on 30 June. In February, he was approached by the headhunters for the position of chief chemist in a rival lab of Cube, which means an offer has been made by the headhunters. Richard found the invitation attractive but he does not want to relocate his children and wife. Therefore, no acceptance was till now and it was kept aside. Richard told Warren about the offer. Warren told him that he was an important part of the team and the lab has got a great success and they want to take it ahead. By this Richard thought that his contract will be extended by them. But here, no specific words or terms or expression have been used, rather an implied offer has been made. Richard thought it to be great and carried on work with them. He refused the offer of the headhunters. But on June 25, that is five days before the termination of the contract he was forced to move out of the lab due to liquidity issues. This was a breach of both the contract, one which was existing contract of five years and the other is the implied contract made before the expiry of the original contract. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that a breach of contract has taken place that has caused a huge damage to Richard since he has refused the offer the made by the headhunters and also that he was forced to move out from Cube before the expiry of the five-year contract. He found a job at university where the salary is very much less than what he used to get. Therefore, he can claim damages from the Cube for the special damage caused to him due to the breach, (JEC, 2016). Reference Clarke, J., 2016. Australian Contract Law. [Online] Available at: www.australiancontractlaw.com [Accessed 26 November 2016]. JEC, 2016. Remedies for breach of contract. [Online] Available at: jec.unm.edu/./contract-law-tutorial/remedies-for-breach-of-contract [Accessed 26 November 2016]. Lawhandbook, 2016. Elements of Contract. [Online] Available at: www.lawhandbook.org.au Contents [Accessed 26 November 2016]. Legalmatch, 2016. types of damages. [Online] Available at: www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/types-of-damages-available [Accessed 26 November 2016].

National Junior Honor Society free essay sample

I want to be a member of the Davis National Junior Honor Society because I am eager to give it all my best to be an outstanding leader. I believe leadership is a great thing to have in my life. It would make a difference in my life and other people’s. It would be an honor to be chosen! I feel that I should be one of them; I being in this program would show that I am not here in school for drama, gossip, etc. I am here for my education. Yes to have fun but not fun to where I would be low on my grades, if I see that my grades are dropping I try my hardest to bring them up, I will do whatever it takes to bring my grades up and that’s just what’s called hardworking! I am an honor roll student; I am intelligent and outstanding. We will write a custom essay sample on National Junior Honor Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I don’t like to follow; I like to be a leader. I think I am already a leader, at home I am. I have manners†¦ who doesn’t? I am honest and respectful. I like to help on projects with staff and city year. At home I help my siblings with their projects; I also help my peers during classes when they ask me for help. This is a dream to me; I will stand to be a proud member of the National Junior Honor Society. So it would be an honor to be chosen it really would. I know that no matter what, I will make a difference. National Junior Honor Society free essay sample Its always fun to see how much my horse changes and develops during the season, and even how I change throughout he season Theres no where to go but up, and that means Improvement. SCHWA has changed me by changing my attitude about competition. Eve now learned that willing Is not always everything. , It may sound cliche , but, everyone Is a winner when you Improve on anything. I also have become more confident horseman and I am able to push my horse to do his best.I have only been riding for about 3 years and SCHWA has truly brought out my inner horseman. Now that I am more confident in my riding skills I try to teach my horse new things as well as teach myself. In addition to new skills and confidence I also made new friends. I met new people and learned some facts about riding I hadnt known before. We will write a custom essay sample on National Junior Honor Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In general I am very shy and usually keep to myself, but this season has really taught me how to come out of my shell and talk to everyone.I now know that I can talk to anyone in the club and they will be more than glad to help me with anything I may need. A key part of being Queen would be helping others in SCHWA. This would include encouraging others during their events and being a good sportsman. I can also give positive feedback about what a person is doing while riding, to help them in a way that they can ride utter and be a better sportsman. To help others in SCHWA I can share the knowledge I have learned in SCHWA and my experience with horses. Just as other people have shared their knowledge with me, I can do the same for other people so the horse community can grow. My friends are always curious about what I do with horses and what SCHWA is. Im Sways more than happy to share that information with them In hopes that they will be bit by the horse bug too.. As SCHWA queen I will bring a good values, leadership skills and a positive attitude to SCHWA. It would mean a great deal o me to be able to represent SCHWA at this level level.National Junior Honor Society By hand_Morris Another reason why SCHWA means so much to me is it keeps me and my horse in the season Theres no where to go but up, and that means improvement. SCHWA has winning is not always everything. , it may sound cliche , but, everyone is a winner when you improve on anything. I also have become more confident horseman and I learned some facts about riding I hadnt known before. In general I am very shy and what SCHWA is.

How to Answer Tough Interview Questions in 60 Seconds

How to Answer Tough Interview Questions in 60 Seconds We all know it’s good to prepare answers to the standard interview questions, plus the not-so-standard ones that might come up in a particular interview at a particular company. But often we are so prepared that we forget to edit our answers down to their most surgical and concise form. Here are six standard but tough interview questions and the snappy sorts of answers you should start rehearsing right now. 1. Why you left your last jobMaybe the answer is as simple as your company was downsizing, but if you left in order to challenge yourself further or pursue more meaningful work, try saying something that emphasizes some skill or experience you wanted to develop professionally. Talk about how it wasn’t possible to do so at your former job, and so you are committed to mastering it and see the perfect opportunity to do so at this company. Bonus points if you can prove you’re already well on your way to developing this skill, whether by having taken a class or ear ned a certification.2. Your greatest weaknessStep one: pick a trait that won’t scare them off, and doesn’t in any way affect your ability to perform this job. Don’t humblebrag. â€Å"I’m just too good at work!† But do try and pick something with a positive spin. Maybe  you’re too much of a perfectionist or you go flat out until a project’s done without taking a break.  Or choose a weakness that you’ve since worked hard to convert into a strength. Formula for the latter: â€Å"Well, I was noticing that I was x, so I took , so I took step y in order to improve, and ended up in situation z (which is infinitely better and makes you a stronger candidate for the job).†3. Why you seem overqualifiedRather than agree with them and say how much this job is beneath you, emphasize why (and pick three or so specifics) this job is perfect for you right now, and how it fits into your career growth plan. Your resume probably shows t hat you can do this job, use this answer to prove that you want it.4. Why you’ve changed jobs a lotCan be a red flag to some employers who haven’t gotten the memo that job-shifting isn’t necessarily a red flag anymore. Try telling the truth. Either it’s as simple as: â€Å"For reason x, we moved around a lot and so I was forced to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or you have a unique opportunity to document your drivenness and your desire to learn new things and acquire new skills that make you such a stellar candidate with such passion for what you do. Emphasize how all this hopping has uniquely prepared you to land on their precise lily pad, and why you’d want to stay put for a good long while.5. Why you’ve been unemployed for agesIf you’ve been out of the workforce for a year or more, you’re going to have to explain yourself. Either go for the â€Å"I took some time off to evaluate my career needs and wishes in order to come back refreshed a nd well-prepared and hungry to do this kind of work,† or the â€Å"I’ve just completed x course or accreditation in order to make myself more valuable in my field.† They’ll eat either up.6. Your ageIt’s illegal to discriminate in hiring decisions based on age, but not illegal to ask. If you’re on the older end of the job market spectrum, use your answer to assuage their fears that you’re just in it for the drudgery and the paycheck. Emphasize how much passion you still have and how much invaluable experience you bring to the table. You’re not done yet!

Richard Neustadt's Studies Presidental Power Essay

Richard Neustadt's Studies Presidental Power - Essay Example Neustadt starts his book with a sober appraisal of the American Presidency. He states that the American people tend to rate a President "from the moment he takes office . . . we are quite right to do so . . . his office has become the focal point of politics and policy in our political system" (Neustadt, p.1). He also argues that "we often make our judgments upon images of office that are far removed from the reality" (Neustadt, p.1). It is this discrepancy between image and reality which is one of the most important elements of Neustadt's book. Neustadt also argues that while it is perhaps natural to concentrate on the President as a single individual, a more accurate portrayal would consider the "presidency" as an institution that includes "two thousand men and women" (Neustadt, p.1). The overall argument that Neustadt makes is that Presidents who lead by persuasion rather than relying upon Constitutional power are more successful. While there are complex reasons for this, the over arching reason is that the President is innately weak under the US Constitution according to Neustadt. How can President Clinton be viewed through the prism of Neustadt's theory of the Presidency Bob Woodward's The Agenda: Inside the Clinton White House takes a very close and unsparing look at the first one hundred days of the Clinton presidency. While a convenient figure, the first 100 days also has historical importance because it was within the first 100 days that President Roosevelt introduced the major elements of the New Deal and swept into existence a whole range of government programmes. This achievement is perhaps an impossible target for any President, but it is the one that inevitably seems to be made. In The Agenda Woodward paints a portrait of a President who was essentially nave, but who nevertheless had good intentions. The idea that Clinton should use persuasion rather than constitutional powers to actualize his agenda is seen perhaps within the surprising fact that Clinton appears to have been greatly influenced by the Federal Reserve Chairman, Alan Greenspan. Although much older, a staunch conservative and possessed of a distinct lack of charisma (and thus the opposite of the new President), Greenspan and Clinton actually got on very well and the Fed Chairman soon persuaded the Democratic President of the need to take bold action in order to reduce the national deficit. It was the economic success that would ultimately be Clinton's most powerful achievement and one that was based upon constitutionally derived powers rather than charisma. Clinton had attempted to use charisma, persuasion and a Democratic Congress in order to push through a comprehensive healthcare plan that would have introduced universal coverage to American for the first time. Based upon a moral certainty that this was the only ethical course for America, Clinton ignored the practical problems of getting the legislation through Congress when very powerful interests (the healthcare industry) were laid out against it. The picture that Woodward paints is of a President who is often torn between what he wants to do ideologically and what he can do pragmatically. For example, the following occurred during one early Cabinet meeting. The Cabinet was discussing fiscal policy and the two sides of Clinton, the Liberal idealist and the Conservative

Application 5.1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application 5.1 - Assignment Example With an approximate percentage of 85, the Northern and Southern American based dealers facilitate the sales using the created network (Cummings, Thomas and Worley 100). The company has expanded its operations by acquiring several retail outlets located in Berlin, New York, London, Hamburg, Munich and New Jersey. The concert bank program is the main company’s strategy that incorporates the use of local and international based dealers to distribute their products. It allows local and international artists who have hit their mark in their professions to assess different pianos in the outlets and pick one that best suits their needs. With the concert banks stocked with more than 300 pianos located in more than 160 different cities, the company greatly benefits from its engagement with these successful artists (Cummings, Thomas and Worley 101). It is able to market some of its brands using the name of the performer who is publicly known. Numerous artistic skills are consolidated in order to come up with a grand Steinway concert piano. Different methods have been formulated however the process has maintained is basic initial processes since they have always produced definable results. More than 12000 parts of the grand piano have to be handcrafted before they are perfectly fit to each other to complete the whole puzzle. The uniqueness of these pieces arise from the different types of tones, sound and touch incorporated in each of the pieces (Cummings, Thomas and Worley 101). Numerous activities are incorporated during the making of the piano such as wood drying, parts-making and finally the piano-making operations. Before the piano is set to be displayed and sold, the makers go through a final stage which is tone regulation. They are tuned to voice the Steinway sound as a unique form of identity (Cummings, Thomas and Worley 101). Steinway has proved its superiority in the grand piano market by acquiring superb market

Media Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Media - Case Study Example In addition, with the incorporation of the Human Rights Act of 1998 set forth in Articles 8 & 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), concerning the 'tort of privacy' (although a merely 'implied' principle and a little more defined in the previous decades) the courts must also decide what is 'proportionate' and necessary, or if the injunction requires a 'social need' with regards protection of privacy.2 What is interesting to note here is that other countries encompassed by the European Union have interpreted this principle akin to the law of privacy. The German courts for instance declared that the statute serves to "ensure that the State complies with its positive obligation under the Convention to protect private life and the right to control the use of one's own image"3 It is clear that the two main foundations of the court's issuance of an injunction are the breach of the law of confidence and the principles of tort of 'privacy' (though still unspecified) as enshri ned in UK's Human Rights Act of 1998 and the ECHR. Based on the principles of the law of confidence, ... .4 It has to be remembered that Sporting Sunday has acquired material 'confidential in nature'5, reminiscent in the case of Coco v A N Clark (Engineers) Ltd [1969] RPC 41). The material was apparently not 'something which is public property' or constitutes a 'public knowledge'. 6An important requirement in application of this principle, provides that, 'there had to be an unauthorised use of the information' detrimental to the 'confider.' 7 Clearly, the publication of the 'unflattering' and 'imprudent' photographs of the couple, Jones & Davies is detrimental to the claimants as they are popular public figures. This contention is cemented in the case of Venables & Thompson v New Group Newspapers Ltd and others8 when Dame Butler-Sloss granted injunctions 'against the whole world' barring the disclosure of information which could have led to the recognition of the killers of James Bulger. The court decided that the 'disclosure of the information in question might lead to grave, possibly fatal, consequences for the claimants.'9 The primary importance of this decision is that information or personal data cannot be divulged, regardless of the circumstances. The courts must decide if non-disclosure of information threatens public safety. Based on the aforementioned principles, the circumstance surrounding the case of Davies & Jones and the publication of their photographs are not matters of public importance or public interest. In the case of A v B [2003] QB 195 10 the court bestowed an interim injunction which barred a newspaper from disclosing the claimants sexual liaison with a woman to whom the claimant was not married. The injunction was given based on the consideration that the information was, in nature, confidential and subjected under the principles stipulated in

Business Plan For London Friend Chicken Marketing Essay

Business Plan For London Friend Chicken Marketing Essay Business plan is a document which is of very much importance. It is a plan which sets up the outline for doing a business and ascertaining its direction for growth and making profit in the future. In this report, a business plan is developed for the purposes of a new business which is to be started. The business plan is at the helm of every business where the planning, formulation of strategy, designing of the process and the setup of the business in performed. This document is of a prime nature and of valuable importance for the company which is planning to do the business from the start. This plan will set the objectives of doing the businesses and the overall strategy to follow so that the business will succeed. The strategy and projections for the business are set in this plan so that it is known well before in advance that in which direction the company / business will going to move. Here in this report, we will initially define the basic terms that are commonly to be used. This will than be followed by the discussion of the business plan, the objectives of the business, the products that will be offered by the business, an analysis of the market, a summary of the overall strategy and implementation, web plan, summary for the management and the financial plan will be discussed in the below paragraphs in this report. This report will comprehensively cover the aspects that are required for the purpose of a new and successful business plan. Some of the key definitions are discussed here under for the sake of creating an understanding for the users of this report: 1.1. BUSINESS PLAN: Planning plays a very important role in ascertaining how a business will perform and the level of success that it will achieve. Therefore, the essential and required aspects for the success of a business are the identification of the relevant goals and the development of the strategies for the purpose of obtaining and achieving those goals. A business plan is a significant aid and tool using which the business can actually organize their goals which it wants to attain and the objectives it has set for itself. This is basically a dry run of the company or in other words we can say that this is what a company will look like on paper. The business plan is used by the companies irrespective of the size and / or stage of the development process. It is used by the companies to bring improvement into its operations and to do marketing and give description of the business to those who will finance the project. The business plan generally follows a standard format for the purpose of this plan . By effectively utilizing a business plan the companies can not only attain and obtain their goals but even can do much better than that. Hormozi, A. M., Sutton, G. S., McMinn, R. D. Lucio, W., (2002) The level to which a business plan shows and incorporates costs and overheads and the resource allocation like the research, production, warehouse, storage, transport, distribution, training, head office, wastage, vary with the needs of the business. 1.2. STRATEGY: This sets the direction of the plan as how and in what manner it will work. This is usually set by the owners of the business or the shareholders of the business or the top management of the business sets the strategy for the business. This strategy sets the manner in which the company is going to operate and will strive for the purpose of obtaining the profits and goals and objectives of the company. The strategy needs to be set at the point of inception before anything is or could be done so that the business thrives and prospers as per the direction it has set for itself and the plan that it has made for attaining that objective and strategy. 2. DETAILED BUSINESS PLAN: This report now discusses the business plan of the business which is going to be set up. This business will thrive to make profit by making a good format, plan and strategy so that the company can be able to survive as well as than it can be able to make the profits. In this detailed business plan we will discuss the nature of the business, the objective of the business, the mission of the business, the strategy by which the business will operate and the pattern and mode in which the business will achieve the profitability. 2.1. NATURE OF BUSINESS: The nature of the business is a fast food restaurant chain having restaurants in three locations in London. The name of the business is proposed to be London Fried Chiecken LFC. This is a locally based and self owned fast food outlet chains. This will be positioned and made an international brand of the fast foods restaurants throught the creativity and approach in respect of the image of the outlets. This fast foods restaurant chain will provide very high quality food at value prices on buying this in combined. This food will be served in high quality presentation and layouts. London Fried Chicken is to be opened in relation to an increasing demand for snacks and fast food. This food is in demand especially when the people when the customers do window shopping or they walk in a shopping mall. In highly competitive environment of todays, its becoming more and more difficult to differentiate one outlet of fast food from another. London is the economic hub of not only the United Kingdom but also to most of the European Countries. With more than 11 million people visiting yearly, mainly from neighboring countries particularly in the European Union, Londons retail sector is very strong in the region. We have set out our main priority for opening the outlet in the central London, preferably in the central London or may be in one of the prominent malls for shopping in London. Later, through this effort we have plan to further develop more retail outlets in the areas surrounding. This business plan is being prepared for obtaining a location for initially launching of the concept. Additional finance amount will be required to be obtained for the purpose of opening two outlets subsequently, which we anticipate to open in  the thirteenth month and then in the third year after it. The amount of finance form the capital contributed by the shareholders will result in London Fried Chicken to open successfully and in doing expansion of the business within two to three years. The initial amount of capital invested will allow LFC to provide its valuable clients with a valuable and good experience through the creativeness of its founders. London Fried Chicken will  attract more youngsters in bringing their family and friends with our environment which is innovative, fresh cut Belgian fries, and other selected and unique dipping sauces. 2.2. OBJECTIVES OF THE BUSINESS: The following are the objectives of the London Fried Chicken: Making LFC a place to visit for eating for those who do shopping in malls. To establish its presence in London as  a successful fast food restaurant chain and gaining a market share in Londons industry of fast food. To do expansion into many outlets by the year three of business, and also sell our franchise to our neighboring metropolitan cities, like Paris, Spain, Bulgaria, Istanbul etc. 2.3. MISSION: The main aim and target of London Fried Chicken is to be among the most successful outlets of fast food in London, starting with one main outlet located in the main central London located as market tester. London Fried Chicken will strive to make itself a premiere local brand in fast food in the marketplace. We want to provide our customers the total all-in-one experience when visiting our place and also our website as they will know more about our new pop culture. We will be selling the products and goods from sauces which are pre-packaged and also t shirts, potato cutters etc, all with our own corporate brand name attached with it. Our main focus will be serving high-quality food at a great value. 2.4. KEYS TO SUCCESS: For being successful in the business we need to: Be innovative, having entertaining menu and creating a unique experience for customers, that will differentiate us from the other competitors. Controlling our costs at all times, in various areas and implementing a more conservative approach to our policy of growth. Although, as we want to be on the safe side in doing business, so we give more than required fund for opening more than one outlets. Selling products which are of the high quality, while keeping our customers happy and satisfied with our various product categories of food. Encourage the two most important values in fast food business: brand and image, as these two ingredients are a couple of main drivers in marketing communications. Providing 100% satisfaction to the clients and maintaining the level of excellent services among other competitors. Promoting good values of our business culture and philosophy of doing business. Get access to high-traffic shopping malls near the target market. 2.5. SUMMARY OF THE COMPANY: What London Fried Chicken is? London Fried Chicken sells  our French fries in a cone  with a  choice of sauce. We are using the concept of Belgian Fries, where the fries are prepared from fresh potatoes and fried two times. Our business also provide clients with excellent and good customer services to support fun ambience, and an energetic and youthful living style.   Fresh and youthful surroundings Following the patterns and footsteps of Starbucks and KFC, which also represent our core target market majority, between ages18 to 35 years of age. Our store will have live cooking of our main feature Belgian Fries from cutting to frying. Our client can be able to read our in-house brochures in respect of all the knowledge about Belgian Fries and our featured sauces. The store we have will be decorated with fast food setting, such as a bright counter and display menus on the wall. Quality food Each  of our outlet will  offer good quality service and food form our freshly fried Belgian fries, sandwiches and variety of other sauce blends, all served with old-fashioned home-style care. Open everyday The opening times of the store will be everyday from 11 am to 11:30 pm. Variety, variety, variety A new range of sauces will be displayed every three months and we will also change our Italian soda flavors to accompany our fries. 2.6. OWNERSHIP OF THE COMPANY: London Friend Chicken is a privately held business. It will be registered as a Limited company in the UK, with ownership 25% Tim, 25% Joseph, 25% Carol, 25% Amanda. Tim and Joseph have more than 10 years of experience in the food business. Both are currently working as Corporate Staff of a Company. Tim holds an MBA degree from University V. He is an entrepreneur by heart and his latest entrepreneurial project is a diamond store in the hub of London. Joseph holds a BA degree in Graphic Designing from the Arts Academy. His projects are widely varied from product design to developing brands of several reputable companies. Carol holds a MS degree from an Institute Y. She completed many projects and also served as project manager for multi-national companies in London. Amanda holds a BS degree from University Z. She has majored in Management and Information Technology. Prior to her return to London, she has held several management positions in a U.S.-based IT company. 2.7. LOCATION OF THE FACILITIES OF THE COMPANY: London Fried Chicken size of location will range from 50 70 meters square and will have seating from  18 to 30 guests. First of our locations will be on the larger end of this range. This venue will have features such as its own display of merchandise and other attributes for brand building. The outlet will be equipped with modern furniture and  aim for  calm and an  open feeling. We are currently searching at various possible venues around London Bridge or Oxford Street central London areas.. The venue will be selected based upon the following criteria: Tourist destination. Community size: minimum of 800,000 people within a radius of 8 kilometers. Large percentage  of teenagers in the community. Easy access. All of the above features are consistent with London Fried Chickens aim of providing a top class fast food experience. We want our best form of marketing to be word-of-mouth, where our customers value our brand as something exciting and cannot resist from telling to their friends and neighbors. London Fried Chicken will be competing directly with several other fast food giants inside the selected shopping mall. 2.7. COMPANYS PRODUCTS: We want to focus only on selling fries. Alcoholic drinks will not be sold in our outlet, as Fresin Fries promotes a healthy and positive Singaporean lifestyle. Instead, we will offer Italian Soda  to complement the fries. In promoting  the  Fresin Fries  lifestyle, we will offer various merchandise  with our logo and colors, from hats to t-shirts to potato cutters to our signature sauces, so that our customers can enjoy Fresin Fries at home. Our signature sauce is exclusively manufactured by Company Q. They can be also purchased at selected retailers. 2.7.1. DESCRIPTION OF OUR PRODUCTS: London Fried Chicken will sell friend chicken, burgers and fried together with our  unique sauces for dipping. Main products sold are: Chicken Roasted, Chicken Hot Burger, Chicken Sandwiches, Chicken Burgers, French Fries, Special Dip sauces etc. Also we will be having available Belgian-style fries in large 2 dips, or small 1 dip, with addition of garlic Fresin (add  £0.25). There are more than twenty flavours available for the dips for Belgian style fries which also be served with sandwiches. These dips are available in more than 20 flavours: Satay Sauce Pesto Mayo Thai Chili Ketchup Teriyaki Sauce Roasted Pepper Mayo Creamy Wasabi Mayo Black Pepper Sauce Lava Cheese Barbecue Curry Ketchup Caribbean Islands Jalapeno Ketchup Traditional Sambal Hot Chili Sauce Korean BBQ Garlic Dip 2.7.2. COMPARISON WITH COMPETITORS: London Fried Chicken will have several advantages over its leading competitors. These are: A high degree of enthusiasm is expected by us and we offer a store with fun having friendly staff, that reflects the culture of youth and energy at LFC. Unique concept based on fusion of dipping sauce. We do not use frozen fries as compared to other competitors and our fried potato is made 100% fresh. We have innovative packaging which is more entertaining than our competitors; we serve a single cone with cup which is reserved for dipping sauce. Our dipping sauce is made fresh by us without adding preservatives. 2.8. SOURCES OF OUR RAW MATERIAL: Our suppliers will deliver fresh halal chicken along with fresh potatoes will be delivered on a per week basis by our supplier who is based in Scotlan. We also undertaken an agreement with  Organization Q for exclusively manufacturing our crispy chicken, signature dip sauces. Our merchandise items will be printed and produced by our partners office in China. 2.8. PLAN OF SALES: We have set almost similar patterns of marketing for each of the LFC stores. Below are the programs that we have setup for opening of each of LFC locations. 2.8.1. OPENING IN A GRAND MANNER: We will be putting outdoor signs on each outlet as soon as possible for grasping orders in advance for parties etc. This signage will be supported by banners before opening of the stores. 2.8.2. POINT OF PURCHASE: We will be using the concept of tray toppers for the purpose of explaining our business and style. We will also be selling to our clients the gift certificates, announcing future jobs openings, and possibly will also mention about franchise opportunities. 2.8.3. DIRECT MAILS: Also, direct mails will be sent to the customers starting from a stand-alone piece, which will be folded, will be produced in good colours on good quality weight papers. Inside the brochure there will be all the required and essential details of LFC, explaining our menu, house of operation, prices and a map to find our location. 2.9. PRODUCTS FUTURE: Initially we will focus on capturing market share by selling our dipped and fried chicken and our good French fries and signature sauces. However, when grow ahead, we will also bring new additional categories to our menu, such as Buffalo Wings and Belgian Sandwiches. Our future growth strategy will be to offer franchises of our LFC brand to other food businessman in the region. There various examples of success of various organisation in the same business line on growing globally. 2.9.1. MEALS WITH VALUE: The LFC deals come with value for the customers. Sales of our products will not only generated from the sales of our Belgian Fries, but also will be generated by the concept of innovation in our packaging menu which is called the value meal. It is a deal which consists of combinations of our sandwiches, or burgers with featured Belgian Fries at much better value instead of us selling the individual items. We can also do customize sales by selling a fries which are of bigger size called Uber Fresin to attract price sensitive clients 2.9.2. LARGE PARTIES OF PRIVATE NATURE: We can also handle private parties and handle banquets, in addition  to our brochures which will be listing our entrees on a daily basis. 2.10. SUMMARY OF MARKET ANALYSIS: Consumer spending on fast food sector in London is rising steadily from rose during the end of the year 2008, followed by the recovery of UKs economy from recession. The increasing number of new outlets such as fast food restaurants, fancy restaurants and gourmet bakeries around UK has been showing a significant growth in this sector. Food spending is high as a percentage proportion of total consumer expenditures in UK At the weekends there is a much broader appeal as a large number of customers go to the outlets and malls at a very broader perspective. At the weekend there is saturation of the activities. Market consists of: Age   Youngsters who are single and currently enrolled in college and high school. Family units   Young families along with children. Gender   Both the sexes will be targeted for the purposes of generating sales.. People from medium income and individuals and other lower medium income bracket people will be more likely to visit us. As per a survey conducted of young people aged 15 45 years, 80% of those interviewed like fast food. 90% of them like fast food on a regular basis, and 10% of them claimed that they like fast food very much, or love fast food. The following reasons were also provided by the survey for purpose of positioning and increasing popularity of fast food: Usually people have 12 months with 52 weekends and there will be three long holidays a year. Most of UK people love to shopping in high streets and malls, and when they do strolling around the shopping centers, they require a quick bite to accommodate their activities. Parents give more money to kids and students to buy lunch. Fast food is naturally their first choice, because of the brand building effort that heavily targets their age group. White-collar workers in offices have stopped bring lunch, and enjoy chicken, hamburger, pizza or other fast food joints in the vicinity. People in UK do not perceive fast food is a luxury,  and they enjoy it by bringing their family, particularly if they have small kids. 2.10.1. SEGMENTATION OF MARKET: Our target market segment is the younger generation as our primary market. Due to high extra-curricular activities among UKs youth, it is common for the youth to have lunch inside shopping malls, and not at home. The secondary market that we have chosen is the Working class. There are various major shopping malls across London,  including  Westfields, Bretncross etc which are the biggest shopping mall in the nation, employing more than 50,000 workers. LFC is the alternative for a quick bite while shopping the fancy boutiques in the area and is also a delicious attraction for tourists. 2.10.2. NEEDS OF THE MARKET: LFC sees out target markets as having a broad range of needs.  A recent analysis of consumer trends by Euromonitor has identified the below needs among our target markets. Our core group: Looking for speed in services Likes to have variety and flavors in the foods, preferably something fried Insists upon a friendly, clean, and attractive environment Wants an entertaining and fun experience Adopts a global lifestyle Comes from various ethnic backgrounds Enjoys eating out Is computer literate Has an active lifestyle There is large potential and growing market needs that can be served by LFC despite of the fact that there are so many competitors in the market. Yet London Fried Chicken feels that its great taste and unique services and offers will be able to attract more and more clients. 2.10.3. COMPETITORS IN THE MAIN AREA: Our main competitors in this fast food restaurant segment are the food outlets within the 2 miles radius along the Oxford Street. In our location, there is Pret-a-manger, pizza hut, KFC, Subway, and others. Therefore the following are the main competitors of LFC: Pret-a-manger Pizza hut KFC Subway McDonalds These are the brands of international fame and it can only be possible to attract clients by making oneself more competitive and tasteful in compared to the above. 2.10.4. STRATEGY FOR SALES: The sales strategy is building and opening new locations at different outlets in order for increase the revenue. However, this plan will be put into execution and implementation when the one market tester outlet at first showed potential growth. As each individual location will continue building its local client bases over a benchmark period of say first three years of operation, the goal of each store is  Ã‚ £109,460 in annual sales, with the original flagship store expected to earn almost  £225,000 per annum. 2.10.5. FORECAST OF SALES We anticipate the highest peak on the months of July and August in our volume of sales forecasted, due to the summer seasons and than in November and December season due to Christmas holidays. Millions  of people from the EU countries visit Britain each year, mostly for shopping purpose and dining. Then there are also tourists anticipated from Asian countries as well, this explains the jumped of sales in these last two months of the year. (all sums in below graph are estimated numbers in  £) 2.10.6. MILESTONES: During the initial phase of company being set up, the 4 founders (Tim, Joseph, Carol, and Amanda) will conduct planning and implementation in constructing the brand name and image and the making of LFCs first outlet. The planning and construction will take approximately 8 to 9 months. This is in addition to the process of refinement and revision which will take the remaining of the 12 month period before our opening in middle of the year 2010. 2.11. FINANCIAL PLAN: The company is now privately owned by Tim, Joseph, Carol, and Amanda. Future shares will be offered after two consecutive years of operating in UK. 2.11.1. START-UP FUNDING: Currently, company is being owned its four original founders, who each will contribute  £220,000 for the same amount of share, 25%. This will be the amount which is more than the amount required to cover start-up requirements, and provide the business with a cash margin so that it can use for expansion over the first three years. (all figures below are imaginary and assumed numbers. Funding at startup Fund for expenses at Start-up  £71,700 Funds for Start-up Assets  £51,300 Total amount of funds required  £120,900 Assets Non cash Assets at the Start-up  £41,500 Start-up Cash Requirements  £68,500 Additional amount of Cash Raised  £698,300 Cash Balance at the Starting Date  £810,400 Total Assets  £861,200 Liabilities and Capital Liabilities Current amount of Borrowing  £0 Long term Liabilities  £0 Accounts Payable (Bills Outstanding)  £0 Other Current Liabilities (interest-free)  £0 Total Liabilities  £0 Capital Planned Investment Tim  £220,000 Joseph  £220,000 Carol  £220,000 Amanda  £220,000 Requirement for Additional Investment  £0 Planned Investment total  £880,000 Start-up loss (Start-up Expenses) ( £69,600) Total Capital  £810,400 Total Capital and Liabilities  £810,400 Total Funding  £880,000 2.11.1. BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS: The breakeven analysis performed by us show that we need unit sales over 9,700 per month to break even. It is not expected to make a profit upto the year three. Break-even Analysis Monthly Units to Break-even 9,706 Monthly Revenue for Break-even  £32,104 Data Assumptions: Per-Unit Average Revenue  £3.31 Per-Unit Average Variable Cost  £0.73 Monthly Fixed Cost Estimated  £24,979 2.11.3. PROJECTED PROFIT AND LOSS: The below is the projected Profit and Loss account which shows LFC will run at a loss for the initial two years, using up some of the cash reserves initially invested by the founders. As sales will rise, LFC can expand into new locations to aggressively spread the recognition of brand. This increase in visibility will allow us to take up less expensive locations off of Oxford Street, while maintaining our flagship operation, the first store, in a  prime spot. Pro Forma Profit and Loss Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Sales  £289,173  £659,328  £1,127,654 Direct Cost of Sales  £62,956  £134,916  £258,837 Other Costs of Sales  £0  £0  £0 Total Cost of Sales  £62,956  £134,916  £258,837 Gross Margin  £226,217  £524,412  £868,817 Gross Margin % 78.23% 79.54% 77.05% Expenses Payroll  £88,200  £262,000  £449,600 Marketing/Promotion  £10,000  £10,010  £10,020 Depreciation  £0  £0  £0 Rent  £174,010  £248,010  £298,020 Utilities  £2,550  £5,000  £8,000 New location setup  £25,010  £50,010  £50,020 Total Operating Expenses  £299,770  £575,030  £815,680 Profit Before Interest and Taxes ( £82,523) ( £140,557)  £53,146 EBITDA ( £82,523) ( £140,557)  £53,146 Interest Expense  £0  £0  £0 Taxes Incurred  £0  £0  £0 Net Profit ( £82,523) ( £140,587)  £53,226 Net Profit/Sales -29.57% -25.18% 4.77% 2.11.4. PROJECTED CASH FLOW The following is the table that shows a Projection of the Cash Flow for LFC: Pro Forma Cash Flow Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Cash Received Cash from Operations Cash Sales  £279,163  £558,327  £1,116,654 Subtotal Cash from Operations  £279,163  £558,327  £1,116,654 Additional Cash Received Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received  £0  £0  £0 New Current Borrowing  £0  £0  £0 New Other Liabilities (interest-free)  £0  £0  £0 New Long-term Liabilities  £0  £0  £0 Sales of Other Current Assets  £0  £0  £0 Sales of Long-term Assets  £0  £0  £0 New Investment Received  £0  £0  £0 Subtotal Cash Received  £279,163  £558,327  £1,116,654 Expenditures Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Operating Expenditures Spending in Cash  £88,200  £262,000  £449,600 Payments of Bills  £244,265  £430,245  £599,286 Subtotal Spent on Operations  £332,465  £692,245  £1,048,886 Additional Cash Spent Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out  £0  £0  £0 Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing  £0  £0  £0 Other Liabilities Principal Repayment  £0  £0  £0 Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment  £0  £0  £0 Purchase Other Current Assets  £0  £0  £0 Purchase Long-term Assets  £0  £0  £0 Dividends  £0  £0  £0 Subtotal Cash Spent  £332,465  £692,245  £1,048,886 Net Cash Flow ( £53,301) ( £133,918)  £67,767 Cash Balance  £677,899  £543,981  £611,748 3. CONCLUSION: As discussed in detail above, a business plan is a comprehensive document which requires a lot of efforts to be undertaken for its preparation. The above chart and table in particular the PL and the cash flow clearly shows that the company can turn into profitability in the year three as compared to the initial two years. Also there are positive cash flows of the business. This shows that the business is viable and can be undertaken on a genuine basis.

Tempest Essay -- essays research papers

The Tempest According to Elizabethan beliefs an individual's social position was more or less fixed. The King was King as he had been given a mandate by God, and all positions below this were based on a rigid social hierarchy, which were also dictated by birth. This ideology was decidedly conservative and used politically as a means of social control: forcing people with less status to internalise their inferiority and subservience, assuming it part of the natural order of the universe. Any rebellion, personal or collective, was therefore seen as an act of defiance not only against the State but God. This can be seen as a highly effective means of keeping order and perpetuating the power structures already existing in society. We can read literature as expressions of universal themes and investigations into human nature and the human conditions, but we can also give alternative readings that question natural assumptions and investigate the 'silences' in a text. In essence, reading the 'politics' of the play. A traditional reading of The Tempest would position Prospero as the victim of unjust betrayal, who stranded on an island with his beautiful, virtuous daughter, uses his magical powers to right the wrong done to him. It is the old story of the 'rightful' ruler who is disposed by the bad guys, but manages to get back his power and live happily ever after. A post-colonial reading, which foregrounds issues of race and power inequalities, would give quite a different interpretation. The play contains rebellions, political treachery, mutinies and conspiracies. There are many challenges to authority, however, the text resolves these problems in the end by having peace, harmony and order restored, with the rightful ruler placed back in his position of power. In this way any disruption to order is seen as evil and those who dare question it need to be punished, thus perpetuating the social values of the time. It is true that Antonio seized power from his older brother, Prospero, and that this usurpation is viewed as wrong by the dominant values of the time and by the text. This viewpoint is constructed by presenting Antonio as a treacherous, evil character who is willing to murder Alonso and Gonzalo. This is the view foregrounded by the play, but little is mentioned about why this state of affairs arose. The silences of the story, involving Antonio being ... ... values demand restraint, controland self-discipline (as seen later in Prospero's warnings to Ferdinand and Miranda) and the text equates indigenous values as barbaric and violent. In essence the European colonialist has invaded a new country, taken possession and set up their systems of values as the only legitimate code of behaviour. Through this Caliban has been dispossessed and forced to give up his ways of living and language. Caliban is constructed as innately inferior and savage because of his race. This is articulated by the supposedly sweet and tender Miranda: 'But thy vile race -/Though thou didst learn - had that in't which good natures/Could not abide to be with ..'(31) In these lines Caliban's race is seen as the reason for his barbaric behaviour - it is his very nature that makes him savage and dangerous. In this the text constructs other non-European races as savage, less human, incapable of so-called 'civilisation' all because of their race: this is a damning indictment of non-Europeans as it positions them as naturally inferior and unable to change their ways so that they will never be able to develop the fine sensitivity and refinement of Western civilisation.

Honesty in Negotiation

Furthermore, author accepts the complexity of exception and discusses different situation where deception can be accepted. For instance, he mentions concealment or failure to reveal as a form of acceptable behavior in some situation that involves negotiation. To my opinion, failure to reveal is not acceptable in the situation when something very important is strategically hidden from opposite side, which can completely change the direction of negotiation.Further author discusses other unacceptable forms of influences that are broadly used in bargaining, but proofed by multiple research groups to influence human reception and decision-making skills National Center for Biotechnology Information unacceptable and shouldn't be used in negotiation. In addition, scarcity, as a form of influence where final decision is affected by impression about the scarcity of the resource, should also be prohibited in negotiation. I believe practice of such forms of influences should be considered manipu lations and unacceptable in bargaining.The only time when such forms of influence can be acceptable is when they happen naturally, and not planned in advance as part of negotiating strategy. In addition, people should know in advance and be aware of the presence of natural forms of influences, so they can base their decisions accordingly and independently from those influences. As a result, the main point is the importance of making people aware of any forms of influence to demonstrate your respect of their right to know the most accurate information so they can make the most ethically responsible decisions as they can.In other words, treat people the way you want to be treated. For instance, if people are made aware of incomplete information prior to agitation, then it can help them make more rational and informed decisions. Furthermore, author discusses deception about reservation prices, where deception can be more acceptable in some situations. For instance, most of the time bef ore the negation people have firm idea of what result they expect. However, during negotiation process people can change their mind, or can be persuaded into changing their mind.In fact, experienced negotiators can estimate many different directions the negotiation can take, and base their negotiation behavior and actions accordingly. For instance, experienced used car salesman can change the mind of the beer who is trying to negotiate the price down by explaining all great option car has, including low mileage, clear past accident report, great maintenance report. The car salesman genuinely believe into the value and quality of the product he is trying to sell, and at the same time he is trying to convince the customer that the vehicle is priced right.As a result, the customer is convinced and agrees to buy the car for the listed price. I think this form of influence is acceptable and ethical, because salesman uses his expertise and knowledge in negotiation to convince the customer to buy the vehicle. As buyer got more information about the car of his interest, he became aware of new considerations about the value of the vehicle, and as a result he has changed his mind. I believe such form of influence is normal part of negotiation process. A common type of deception, according to the author, is vagueness or ambiguity during the negotiations.In fact, such techniques are commonly used for indirect communication, where negotiators have limited trust for one another. According to author, these techniques are used for self-protection, where negotiators are not completely open, but not for the purposes of confusion or selfish gains. I believe in situation like this, it is acceptable to use vagueness or ambiguity during negotiations, and I wouldn't classify it as an actual deception. However, it would be the exclusion from the rule, rather than a rule. Most of the times vagueness or ambiguity is used to mislead or confuse the negotiator.In addition, author discusse s further that trust is very important, and if there is no trust, then it is unfair to risk everything for the interest or moral rights of others. Author also puts special emphasis on the importance of fairness. Author explains that since negotiation takes place in the untrustworthy environment, fairness plays key role in building that trust ground, so both parties can further involve and participate in the equally honest negotiation. I believe honesty helps to build trust and is the most important part of an effective negotiation.

Majoring in Abnormal Psychology Is Not For Everyone essays

Majoring in Abnormal Psychology Is Not For Everyone essays Abnormal Psychology: a life decision Majoring in psychology is not for everyone. It does not appeal to those who seek quick and simple answers to complex problems, nor to those who want the "approved solution" to the questions of why humans act, think and feel as they do. But if you are someone who enjoys mysteries, gets excited by challenging puzzles, is curious about human nature, intrigued by observing animal behavior, thinks about the HOW and WHY of YOU, then you'll find psychology a rewarding and even empowering major. There is no field of knowledge with such an enormous extent of interest as can be found in psychology. From the micro analysis of the functioning of single nerve cells, to the macro functioning of urban communities, to the perception of a newborn child, to the prejudice of a group, to the decision-making process of national governments; we have it all. While many psychologists study fundamental processes of human development, brain functioning, learning, motivation, emotion, memory, judgment, language, personality, mental disorders, and social interactions for the sheer joy of understanding them better, others seek to apply psychological knowledge to improve the quality of our lives. All my academic life Ive been struggling with what exactly it is that I want to major in. Ive always been fascinated with the crime investigation shows you see on Court T.V. I just love the whole mystery and challenge, and then being able to solve that mystery based on the evidence. It was only until recently that the crime solvers world of investigation has blossomed and has brought on many new techniques to solving crimes. There have been many new advances in forensic science that have not only solved many cold cases, but have freed wrongly accused men/women. Its from these new approaches that have brought into light a new type of investigator, a psychological profil ...

Math geography unit 1 review Essay Example

Math geography unit 1 review Essay Example Math geography unit 1 review Essay Math geography unit 1 review Essay Please identify the following terms defined below, then sketch the term in the space provided. An exact location in space with an indefinite shape and size. An object with no thickness that extends infinitely in two directions. Part of a line consisting of two endpoints and all the points in between. Part of a line consisting of one endpoint and extending infinitely in one direction. 5. Rays that share a common endpoint, but continue infinitely in opposite directions. A flat surface that continues infinitely in all directions. Points that lie on the same line. Points that do not lie on the same line. Points that lie on the same plane. 10. Points that do not lie on the same plane. REVIEW: ANGLE BASICS 11. A figure consisting of two non-collinear rays with a common endpoint. 12. The common endpoint of the two rays forming an angle. 13. An angle wit 14. N a measure less than An angle with a measure greater than 900 15. An angle with a measure of 900. 16. An angle with a measure of 1800. . Two angles that have a common vertex and side, but no common interior points. 18. Two non-adjacent angles formed by intersecting lines. 19. A pair of angles whose non-common sides are opposite rays. A pair of angles that add up to 1800. A pair of angles that add up to 900. A segment, ray, line, or plane that cuts an angle in half. Refer to the figure at right to name each of the following. 23. A line containing point A _ 24. A line passing through B: 25. Two points collinear with point

Comparative Politics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Comparative Politics - Research Paper Example Democracy can be perceived as equality and liberty. A democratic nation is liberal thereby allowing its citizens to have the power to rule it, to be equal before the law and have equal access to the law. Elections are periodically held to choose representatives for the governmental body that will exercise its supreme power. The distinctive principles of democracy include freedom of speech, press and political expression. Sovereignty, on the other hand, refers to a body that has independent power over people. A sovereign state can be regarded as having absolute authority of lawmaking (Almond et al. 101-120). Russia for a long time had been ruled by the Soviet Union using communism which attained its downfall in 1991. Thereafter, the United Russia party led by Russian Executive President Vladimir Putin introduced sovereign democracy in the Russian regime. However, the "sovereign democracy" practiced in Russian does not emanate democratic principles, a fact that has placed Vladimir Putin's political program under constant criticism (Almond et al. 355). According to Economist Intelligent Unit, the United Russian presidential political party aims at increasing its power of the international exchange system. The party intends to strengthen its powers to control the economic, political and administrative structure. The Russian doctrine of "sovereign democracy" emanates principles that are in contrast with democratic principles such as restrictions in the mass media and citizen's freedom (Almond et al. 356). The Russian democracy can, therefore, be viewed as managed democracy because the Russian political system is strictly supervised and regulated thereby denying Russian citizens freedom of expressing their political will. Although this fact is highly denied by the Russian authority for instance Vladislav Surkov who is the Deputy Chief of Staff of the Presidential Executive Office and advisor of the president as he provides analytical and organizational information which is crucial to the president insists that the Russian political system is governed by sovereign democracy (Almond et al. 356). According to the Russian doctrine of Sovereign democracy, no one can make attest to owning or having power over the Russian nation as explained in the Russian constitution. However, critically looking at the idea imposed by the Russian constitution the concept behind sovereign democracy can be viewed as nationalism. Russia perceives its state to be more superior than other states, therefore, it is ready to impose radical political force over other states if it senses any signs of threat. This means that Russia is a powerful nation which is not ready to be influenced by global monopolies or dictatorship (Almond et al. 362-370).Therefore, Russia can be perceived as indirectly opposing worldwide globalization which is encouraged by the western countries especially the United States. However, according to Surkov, the doctrine of Russian sovereign democracy aims at first prioritizing the interests of the country. This can be depicted in the economic, social and cultural success that the country has gained in global politics. Russia has managed to restore its governance in the Chechen Republic.

Rail Transportation system analysis report Case Study

Rail Transportation system analysis report - Case Study Example These elements are framed and designed by the extreme effort of civil and mechanical engineering to build the system for electrical equipment and efficiency of the rail network. Rail Transport System plays a major role in the transportation system in railways. The system assists in developing an important link in the transportation chain for connecting communities and states. It ensures in delivering transportation services with consistency in quality and time. The infrastructure of the system comprises different elements that include wagons, rail tracks, engines, sheds and stations. The system is classed as an Engineering system, as the whole system is based on different structural and architectural designs. Different types of wagons, rail tracks, engines and stations are essential to deliver rail transport services are used in the Australian based system. The system is developed on complex structural design and technology, which requires support of civil, mechanical and electrical engineering. Civil and mechanical engineering works assisted in building the framework of graphical and solid design of rail equipment and vehicles. Similarly, electrical engine ering structures the electronic equipment and materials needed in various rail engines and rail stations (Australian Government, 2013). Australian Rail Transport System is incorporated and supported with excellent performance of various elements that include tracks, trains, stations, power, consumer, government and technology. Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) is the largest owner in rail network, which operates and manages standard gauge track in an area of more than 8,500 kilometres in South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, Queensland and New South Wales. The system with the assistance of the ARTC is able to perform core business works such as access

Assess the moral arguments and political actions of those who opposed Essay

Assess the moral arguments and political actions of those who opposed to the spread of slavery in the context of the mexican war and the Kansas-Nebraska act - Essay Example The Kansas-Nebraska act also pushed the country into civil war and divided the nation into two factions. The act also gave rise to a new Republican Party arguing abolishment of slavery. The arguments of Republicans against slavery were based on morality. Republicans treated everyone equally and considered freedom the most basic right. Lincoln said in his famous Lincoln-Douglas Debate â€Å"I agree with Judge Douglas he is not my equal in many respects—certainly not in color, perhaps not in moral or intellectual endowment. But in the right to eat the bread, without the leave of anybody else, which his own hand earns, he is my equal and the equal of Judge Douglas, and the equal of every living man† (Lincoln). It is important to note that those who opposed slavery were not in favor of total social equality between people of all races. However they believed that blacks were also humans and they should be treated with respect. Lincoln was actually afraid that popular sentiment would be in favor of slavery and then it would be impossible to demolish the institution of slavery from America for ever. The moral arguments of Republicans were not ideal but still they provided room for some sort of acceptance of blacks. They were saying that blacks were not equal but this does not mean that their freedom should be taken away. Social equality was not argued but practicality and humanity was made basis for abolishment of slavery. The famous poet James Russell Lowell called those people slaves who did not dare to speak for the weak (344). He was a poet who was strongly against slavery and his poems reflected his passion towards abolishment of slavery. He considered slavery immoral and devoted his poetry against it. Wilmot Proviso can be seen as an attempt to curb the spread of slavery and mitigate differences between pro and anti slavery politicians. It was presented by a Democrat David Wilmot and the

Ecology Essay Example for Free

Ecology Essay There has been a growing concern for the rise of environmental problems around the world. Ecology students from the University of Georgia came up with a list of the top ten environmental problems of the world. Based on this list, I came up with my top five environmental problems that people consider to be pressing problems in the environment. First in my list is human overpopulation. While it is part of human nature to procreate and multiply, the unchecked growth of the human population has led to the over consumption of goods and resources, thereby leading to poverty – a culprit as well of environmental problems. The over consumption of resources by human population can take its toll on the limited resources that the world can provide. Next in my list of the world’s top environmental problem is the pollution of our water quality and quantity. Sewage from cities, unregulated releases from industrial and agricultural sites, and dumping of wastes in the oceans collectively exacerbate the worldwide problem of water pollution (Gibbons). If left like these, we may have a serious water problem in the coming years. Following the problem of water pollution is the problem of air pollution. As more and more cities and countries are industrialized, the use of fossil fuels has also risen. Such has led to acid rain, dissolution of the ozone layer, smog, and the general elimination of clean air (Gibbons). The top 4 environmental problem is global climate change, which is admittedly interconnected with water and air pollution. Global warming has already received a lot of press mainly because such phenomenon has been going on for the past 4 billion years and it has steadily risen in the past decades. Water level has risen and as air pollution worsens, so does global warming. Lastly, the loss and degradation of habitats have been considered by ecologists as one of the most pressing environmental problems as human advancement and development as well as deforestation has led to the decline of the biodiversity. There are many species which are on the brink of extinction because their natural habitats are already destroyed or perished.

Heroic Archetypes in Film: Symbolism and Adaption

Heroic Archetypes in Film: Symbolism and Adaption Carl Jung (1939) described the personal unconscious as containing personal memories and ideas of the individual, and the collective unconscious the shared ideas, and memories humanity, these shared memories and ideas emerge as themes and characters, which Jung termed archetypes or Primordial Images. Joseph Campbell (1949) evolved these ideas creating the heros journey or monomyth. Campbells work in narratology and comparative mythology showed the use of archetypal patterns bring patterns we all unconsciously respond to in similar ways to a conscious level. The term archetype can be applied to images, themes, symbols, ideas and character types (Jung, 1969). This essay will focus on the symbolism and adaption of Heroic archetypes in film examining the themes of Jung and Campbell and there portal over time, focusing in on how specific genders are represented. The Architypes are present in our earliest images and motifs, however Greek and roman mythology focuses largely on the hero with characters like Hercules playing the main role in their stories. These myths provide a clear pairing of Jung and Campbells theories creating connections with the hero, their quest and the many archetypal characters they will interact with along their journey. These methodologies have repeatedly been adapted and are portrayed in the most successful film franchises of the last sixty years. It is through the exploration of these franchises that I will examine the portrayal of both male and female Hero Architypes. Jung (1969) believed archetypal themes impress, influence and fascinate our ego, invoking deep and intense emotional responses. If Jungs theories are correct the repeated portrayal of masculine dominance on screen has the potential to impact the most important and central architype of the psychic, the self, a representation of wholeness and totality, a unification of the conscious and unconscious mind (Jung, 1969). Jung (Stevens, 1990) emphasised the importance of not assuming the symbolic meaning of a male or female character he believed it is far more important to recognise the characteristics and context of these symbols, establishing if you are dealing with the Animus or Anima, abstract symbol sets that formulate the archetype of the Self. Neither male nor female they are a representation of the masculine and feminine aspects of the psychic Dr. Stacy Smith (2014) realised the study gender bias without borders this study looked at 120 films in the most influential films. The results of this study showed that 23.3 percent of lead or co lead roles in film are female. These figures were mirrored off screen showing that 20.5 percent of filmmakers were female. The results also showed when a film was created by a female, either in directing or writing there was an increase of lead females and the quality of their portrayal on screen. It is clear from these results that there is an issue of gender imbalance on screen. This imbalance could be explained by linking back to Jungs theory (1969), that architypes can influence our physic and comparing this to a statement by Campbell (2004) All of the great mythologies and much of the mythic story-telling of the world are from the male point of view. If all of our great mythologies are from the male point of view, it could be argued that this repeated influence has led to an over attachment to the use of masculine energy in the portrayal of power, Smith (2004) alludes to this stating This explanation reflects the old age, write what you know. To explore these theories, this essay will focus on two of the most successful films featuring female protagonists. The first Alien is written from the male perspective. The second Hunger games, is written from the female perspective. These films will be compared first to attempt to find a link between writer and character and second to explore the possible future portrayal of heroes. Alien Ridley Scotts Ripley is commonly used as a reference to a positive portrayal of a female hero, appearing on screen as the main protagonist of 1979 film Alien. Ripley however was originally created as male. In an interview with Empire magazine (2012) Ridley Scott explains the reasoning behind his female adaption stating She would be the last one you would think to survive, shes beautiful This statement gives credence to the idea of the feminine in Alien being used to display weakness. Alien is widely known as the movie in which all sexual analyses have some basis. In the Alien saga (2002) Dan OBannon explains that sexual imagery was wielded as a tool to unsettle the audience stating One thing that people are all disturbed about is sex. Everybodys always all in a known about sex. I said thats how Im going to attack the audience. Im going to attack them sexually Ellen Ripley, is played by Sigourney Weaver , she fights against two antagonists, the first an alien creature that interestingly dawns both male and female reproductive organs, while the second antagonist, Ash, an android possess no reproductive organs though he is portrayed as a male character. This mix of genders and sexual symbolism makes this film an interesting tool for the exploration of gender bias and architypes. The first introduction to the cast of this film is representative of the birthing of a child. The crew rest in hyperbolic chambers shaped like basinets. These chambers are placed in a circular pattern; at the core of this circle is a locking mechanism, controlled by mother, the ships navigator. As mother awakens the crew the room is flooded with light. This sequence of images could be interrupted as a representation of the Self-Architype and its symbolic circular image (Jung, 1978). The crew, placed in the circle could be seen as the rebirthing and unification of the psychic as it prepares to deal with the path ahead (Henderson 1963). We then see the crew in their ordinary world eating breakfast. The crew are given their call to adventure when mother informs has awoken them due a signal received from a derelict ship. Many of the crew Refuse the call believing this signal could be a warning. Mother acting as the supernatural aid knows the true reason for sending them on this quest Once the crew being to explore their environment as H.R Gigers sexual Imagery becomes clear. The crew approach the openings of the Alien ship, which Giger (2011) admittedly designed to resemble the vaginal entrance. They Cross the threshold and enter. The crew enter the control centre of the ship, in the centre of this chamber sits a large phallic protrusion; inside sits an alien pilot. The placement of this phallic symbol is particularly interesting as the first sexual representation of masculine energy (Fink, 2004) it is depicted in a place of power and control. The crew comes across a derelict chamber resembling the womb or Belly of the whale which holds a large cluster of eggs, one of the crew is attacked by a face hugger and rushed back to the ship. Ripley refuses to allow the face hugger, now attached to a crew member, onto the ship. Ash, Ripleys male counterpart dismisses her command and opens the ship doors. Ash determines that the Face Hugger is keeping Kane alive via the penetrative insertion of a proboscis to his throat; according to Bannon (2002) this was a deliberate representation of male oral rape . Im going to attack them sexually Im going to put in every image I can think of that I know will make the men in the audience cross their legs, Homosexual oral rape. Dan O Bannon This act is an intriguing aspect in regards to gender, on one side men are made as vulnerable a women, but on the opposing side this penetrative act gives dominant power to the masculine energy of the Alien (Dworkin , 1987 ) . Later the corpse of the face hugger is discovered, Ripley does not want the corpse examined but again Ash ignores her command. In this examination the Face huggers underbelly is shown, now in a submissive positon its proboscis is retracted exposing a representation of the female genitalia. The crew are united again for a meal and enter the Road of trials as a phallic shaped Chest Burster is birthed from a crewmate. Bannon (2002) stated that his use of birth in this scene was designed to create discomfort in male viewers, however his process of using a female act to add vulnerability to a male character could be perceived as weakening the feminine. Ripley Later learns the secret kept by Mother and Ash in her meeting with the goddess The Weyland Yutani Corporations true mission is to collect alien specimens acting as the Temptress they view the crew as expendable. Ripley Confronts Ash, in a classic Attornment of the Father scene. The confrontation becomes aggressive. Ash is exposed as an android becoming the Shape Shifter Architype; he overpowers Ripley, rolls up a stack of papers into a phallic shape and forces them down Ripleys Throat , this adds to strengthening of Masculine energy and weakling of the feminine. Ripley is saved by a male crew mate. She reconstructs Ash, entering the Apotheosis stage she gains information from him. Ripley realises their ship must be destroyed for the crew to escape with their lives the ultimate boon. The remaining crew are destroyed; Ripley the sole survivor enters the Magical Fight with the Alien as she tries to make her way to an escape pod before the ship self-destructs. Ripley reaches the escape pod, standing now as a powerful hero she begins to undress, she then bends over in a pose that resembles an animistic display of submission, this scene could be interpreted as a removal of Ripleys power (Fazio, 1986) Ripley realises the alien on-board the escape pod, earning the Freedom to live she rejects the alien into space. Re-entering hibernation, Ripley is shown in the fetal position; this could suggest her return to the womb to be rebirthed as a new character. (Jung, 1978) The Hunger Games The Hunger game is a Science fiction novel written by Suzanne Collins, this novel was adapted into a series of films under the same name. This story follows Katniss Everdeen as she embarks on Campbells Heros journey. We are first introduced to The Ordinary World , ruled by President Snow the archetypical Old King. This kings dominance is depicted in the cultural values of this society. Split in two classes the lower districts, shown to be inhabited by a struggling class of humble and moral people and the capital, Snows domain, lavished in decadence and modernity. Snow rules though intimidation and manipulation. The soulless nature of The Capital is highlighted by its unwavering support of The Hunger Games. These games are cruel and violent, created by Snow, they point to the absence of the Queen archetype. Snow rules alone, he is purely masculine, lacking in totality, with no feminine counterpart. This absence of feminine qualities leaves the people restricted as according to Jung (1995) permanent loss of the anima, means a diminution of vitality of flexibility and of human kindness. The capitol is surrounded by the Lower districts; these districts are forced to participate in The Hunger Games, sacrificing one male and female tribute. To survive these tributes must garner sponsorship, typically from the people of the capital. They must sell themselves by fulfilling the desires of their captors. Katniss Everdeen is the protagonist of this story; her very name draws associations to her character type. Cat an association of the feminine power (Fontana, 1993) sleek, and cunning and evergreen, symbolising natural life the nourishing soil of the soul (Sabini, 2002). Katniss is a young woman, innocent and open she exhibits feminine energy. In her first introduction she appears trusting and humble, unlike the surrounding raped and soulless society. The feminine side of Katniss could represent the potential birth of the new generation, placing her in the role of potential Queen. Katniss also exhibits masculine energy; she shows courage in The Hunger Games while exhibiting physical attributes strength and focuses to master her sill with a bow, a skill she learned to provide for and protect her family. This masculine energy also highlights her ability to fulfil the role of King. Katniss is reminiscent of Artemis, the Greek Goddess, skilled with a bow, strong, nurturing, protective and connected to nature (DEste, 2005). Our first introduction to Katniss shows her hunting a deer, a symbol commonly liked to the portrayal of Artemis. This mix of feminine and masculine energy leads to a potentially interesting dynamic. It could be said that Panem does not merely need a female leader, but a unified one, both male and female, mother and father. Katniss is born in the twelfth district, twelve in Gematria, is a representation of totality (Dennis, 2007), a symbol of synergy between the anima and animus (Jung, 1969). This coal miner district is also similar in design to Nazareth, the domain of Jesus. She understands through her experiences the darkness minorities face under the rule of Panem. Archetypically this could be linked to Judeo-Christian tradition and the tale of Job seeing the dark side of God. (Jung 1969) When in the capital Katniss is a link back to nature, the light in the dark, a place to be purified, embodying what Jung called the the two million-year-old man within. Katniss receives her Call to Adventure when her sister is chosen as tribute. She displays warmth and understanding, sacrificing herself to free her. This symbol of courage is the embodiment of what Jesus believed is needed in a world filled with difficulties; she is as shrewd as serpents and as innocent as doves. (Matthew 10:16) Katniss Crosses the threshold as she boards a train to take her to the capital. She is visibly disturbed by the opulence in front of her which starkly contrasts the modest home she is leaving behind. According to Campbell (1949) every hero needs allies; Katniss is no exception to his rule. Traditionally these allies are unexpected with a unique understanding of the world. It is in his fashion that Katniss meets her literal and archetypal Mentor the drunken Haymitch Abernathy. Katniss soon learns that the Haymitchs battle with alcoholism and disconnected nature is a direct result of his assimilation into the society of the capital, a soulful man in a soulless world , forced to train tributes who will be sent to their death . As Haymitch begins to train Katniss he begins to notice the unique nature of her personally, this is where he transforms into the archetypal mentor teaching Katniss the importance of presentation and catering to the whims of the sponsors. Early in the story we are shown that Katniss does not view her mother in the archetypical sense, it is only when she arrives at the capital that we are introduced to the true Mother Architype, the anima to Haymitchs animus and a symbol of societal oppression, the African American male, Cinna. Cinnas introduction marks the entry to Campbells Tests, Allies and Enemies stage of the Monomyth (1949). Cinna is a sensitive and nurturing character, wielding his knowledge in beauty, grace and sensuous flare he, along with Haymitch, trains Katniss, who now captivates the Capital. Cinnas techniques to transform Katniss are very similar to that of Cinderellas Fairy Godmother. He does not change Katniss; he instead reflects her inner self and beauty to the audience. Cinna supports and balances Katniss keeping her grounded and disconnected from the temptations and power of the capital. Cinna offers her a symbol of comfort, her Mocking Jay pin, as she enters The Inner Most Cave , the arena. When Katniss enters the games she acquires a young ally Rue The Innocent Child. Rues entry to the story marks the beginning of The Ordeal as she directs Katniss to the wasp nest she uses against her attackers. Rue is an African American girl, from the agricultural district; district eleven. Rue could be seen as a representation of slavery and racism in Panem. Despite the attempts of Katniss to protect the child, she soon becomes The Sacrifice, used to empathetically connect the twelve districts. After the death of her friend the game makers change the rules, stating that there may be two victors of the games, as long as they both come from the same district. Katniss seeks out Peeta her fellow tribute from district twelve and soon makes a new ally. Earlier in the story we were shown Katniss and Peeta training together, but she suspected, to save himself, he had turned against her. Peeta is redeemed when he suggests a group of competitors wait her out rather than climbing a tree to kill her. Peeta like Katniss is an interesting mix of feminine and masculine energy, he is strong but does not wish fight, instead he chooses for hide from his competitors. Peeta decorates cakes for a living, this shows his delicate side, but he is also stubborn, insisting the games will not change who he is. Peeta confesses his love for Katniss; he is injured and taking on the role of Damsel in Distress requires her aid. Katniss is now faced with a moral dilemma; the audience views the pair as the Shakespearian Star crossed lovers. Katniss deceives the audience and goes along with this charade to receive aid from the sponsors. Meanwhile her true love, Gale, who name suggests a well-developed anima, is waiting and watching these events unfold from district twelve. This is a difficult decision and turning point for Katniss; she manipulates the people to get what she needs, a very masculine move, more suited to President Snow. This arguably is a skill needed in a potential leader. Katniss retrieves medicine and Peeta is healed; now their only competitor left in the arena is Cato. It is in this final confrontation that we see Katniss Seizing the Sword as she knocks Cato into a pack of creatures and Receives her reward leaving Katniss and Peeta as the victors, at least for a short time. The game makers suddenly change the rules forcing Katniss into The Road Back. There can be only one victor of the hunger games. Peeta offers himself as a sacrifice but Katniss refuses. She shows her cunning side as she enters the resurrection stage of the Monomyth. Katniss decides they will both consume poison berries; this act would kill both competitors leaving the games with no victor. As Katniss predicts the rules are changed again, both competitors win the games. Peeta and Katniss will now live a life of luxury this could be seen as The Return with the Elixer, but the elixir in this story is far more important. Katniss has openly defied President Snow becoming an example to the lower districts. This act could lead to a rebellion. The true elixir of this journey is given to the lower classes at the moment of her victory, hope. Characters like Katniss Everdeen have the potential to change the assumed characteristics of the hero architypes, but this type of portrayal is still an uncommon occurrence, is that occurrence due to a misunderstanding of the hero architype or an overall issue of gender imbalance in media. This character could be marking Jungs paradigm shift and what he believed would be the necessary emergence of positive archetypal feminine energies (Rowland, 2009), a true female hero. Refrences Jung, Carl and Dell, S.M. (1939). The Integration of the Personality (English translation). New York: Farrar Rinehart. Joseph Campbell in The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949), Collected Works of C.G. Jung. Routledge. Retrieved 2014-01-19. Jung quoted in Anthony Stevens On Jung (London 1990) p. 206 Gender Bias without Borders. shared by UNWomen on Sep 22, 2014 An investigation of female characters in popular films across 11 countries.Sep 22, 2014 Joseph Campbell, Pathways to Bliss: Mythology and Personal Transformation, Edited by David Kudler. Novato, California: New World Library, 2004, pp. 145, 159. The Alien saga 2002 special editon C. G. Jung ed., Man and his Symbols (London 1978) p. 120 The Wisdom of the Serpent, Book by Joseph L. Henderson and Maud Oakes ,Originally published: 1963 Lacan to the Letter,April 14, 2004 by Bruce Fink (Author) p 169 Intercourse is a 1987 book by Andrea Dworkin on the Automatic Activation of Attitudes (1986) Russell H.Fazio, David M. Sanbonmatsu, Martha C. Powell, and Frank R. Kardes C.G. Jungs Complex Dynamics and the Clnical Relationship: One Map for Mystery p 55 Brenda A. Donahue , Charles C Thomas Publisher, 2003 Psychology 287 pages The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious By Carl Gustav Jung Page 4 1995 P1 Meredith Sabini 2002 The Encyclopedia of Jewish Myth, Magic and Mysticism: Second Edition Book by Geoffrey W. Dennis 2007 Journal of Analytical Psychology,2009, 54 ,697-715 Ghost and self: Jungs paradigm shiftand a response to Zinkin , Susan Rowland,London